“Agriculture” ti thumal hi
Latin trawng “agricultura” anthawka hung tro suok a ni a. A umzie chu
- ager, "field", le cultura,
"cultivation" or
"growing" a nih. Vawisuna English thumal agriculture hin a huop lien
lem niin an lang a. Lo nei, thlai ching, ran vai, a sik dan le enkawlna tieng a
huom a nih. Ei hnam nawlpui fakzawngna
hi ka sut ve d^n chun 90% zet hi lo
sinthawa fakzawng ei ni a. A dang 10% hi sumdawng, thawkna nei le thiemthil
danga innghat ei nih. Kan khina hi a lo indik zat naw khawmin a awm vieu ka
ring. Ei hang hril tum tak chu, ei hnam binga ding hin agriculture hi a pawimaw
em em a. Sungkuo tam lem innghatna a ni leiin hieng tiengpanga thiemna zawng hi
insukhmu ding awm tak niin an lang.
India
ram hang thlir nawk inla. Khawvel rambung laia mipui tamna tak dawttu India hin
agriculture a ngaitha thei nawh. Asan chu, India mipui hmun thuma \hea hmun hni
deuthaw (60 – 70%) hin agriculture hi ei
damsan a la nih. A dang hmun khathai khawm chun bu le thlaihna an la fak ta
cheuh tho. Kum 2017-18 sunga dinga India sawrkarin agriculture tienga sum a
ruohmang chu crore nuoi 10 (10 lakh
crore) zet a nih. Kum khat sunga dinga a tam trum tak a ni nghe nghe. Hi hin ei
ram ta dinga agriculture pawimawzie hriet thei a nih.
Kum
1950 hnungtieng (post-independence) hin India ramah khawpuia inpemlut ei tam a.
Chun kh^wl changkang tak tak ramdanga inthawkin ei laklut nasa hle bawk. Hi
urbanization le industrialization hin
agriculture-a ei innghatna a sukbo chuong naw a. Ei ram economy innghatna
bulpui a la ni ta fan. Amiruokchu, thil a hung danglam a. Kut sinthawna le lo
neina tieng khawm a hung danglam ta pei a. Eini tieng chen khawm ni sien,
tienlai anga pawngapuia lo nei bur kha a hlawk naw leiin, mithiemhai thurawn
angin thlai ching ei hung \an a. India
ram chu bufai tieng lek lem chu an todel nasa hle nih. Eini tlangram tieng
khawm lo nei a hlawk tak nawzie ei hriet a. Lo trin khat hmuna bu trin 150 nei
thei lai hun kha chu tienami an chang ta a, khawsawtum thil a ni tah. Chuleiin,
hlawk lema lo nei dan ei hriet theina ding chun ei naupanghaiin agriculture
tieng inch<kna an lutchil a trul a. An thiemna chu a tak taka ei ni lai an hmang hunah bu le bal
tieng hnienghnar thei ei tih. Chun thil
pakhat pawimaw em em chu, agriculture tieng thiemna nei ngeiin lo neina kawngah
hma a mi lakpui ni chu ei ngirsuokna ding ni bawk a tih. “Sapthei a thra,
rubber, serthlum, ruo lo ching ro,” tia tawp loin, a zawrna (market) ngaituo
ngailo bu hlawk taka ei ching thei hun hi manga mangtuhai ang elin nghakhla a um a nih.
Agriculture
P>nghai : Inchukna
thlurah agriculture hin p>ng (branches) a hau khawp el a. Horticulture, crop
science, dairy, fisheries,
agronomy, animal husbandary, soil
science, le a dang dang a um. Pakhat
chau khawm hi hril tham fe a nih.
Inchukna
Thlurah : A hmasa’n professional ti hi hang hril hmasa inla. Professional Course ei tihai chu
fak hmu ngei ngei ding khawpa inchuk bingna a
kawk a. An inchukna tiengah dam khawsuok thei dinga thiemna tak tak nei
chu professional nina a nih.
Agriculture
tieng professional career siem ding chun 10+2 level-ah science/agriculture
subject lak a ngai a. 10+2 a science/agriculture subject neihai ta dingin
B.Sc. Agriculture (Ag) admission hmu a
awl. Hmun threnkhatah 10+2 passed naran khawmin B.Sc. Agriculture
hi inchuk thei a ni a. Amiruokchu,
chieng taka hmasuon ding chun 10+2 a
background nei a pawimaw a, makmaw khawm hung ni pei a tih.
University
po po deuthawin inchuk theina an nei a. An hnuoia college threnkhatah
inch<kna a um bawk. Chun, India ram hmun tam takah Agriculture
University a um tah. Northeast a ding
chun Assam Agriculture University,
Jorhat hi hrietlar a nih. Hril ta
angin university tin deuthaw hin agriculture inch<kna an nei a. An course le
kalphung chu inang vawng kher naw nih. Admission thaw hmaa ngun taka lo
biechieng ding a nih.
India
rama Agriculture University Hrietlarhai
:
•
Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar
•
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore
•
University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad
•
Rajmata Vijayraje Sciendia Krishi Vishwa
Vidyalaya, Gwalior
•
Orissa University of Agriculture & Technology, Bhubaneswar
•
Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hissar
•
Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
•
Chandra Shekar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur
•Jawaharlal
Nehru Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Jabalpur
•
Narendra Deva University of Agriculture & Technology, Faizabad
•
Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur
Hi
a chunga inchukna hmun ei suklanghai hin general le specialized course an nei
tawl a. Mani inchuk ding i-zirin a hmun hi thlang ding a nih. Chun, ei hriet bak
inchukna \ha ve tak tak India ram hmun tam takah um ngei a ta. Northeast tieng
khawm hiengang inch<kna ding college um ngei a tih, tu hria ding chun ei la
suklang thei naw nih.
Fakzawngna
tieng : Agriculture
hi mi tam tak chun lo nei tienga fakzawngna angin ei ngai a. An dik kher nawh.
Lo neina tieng kawk sien khawm inchukna in le a suibingna tieng hmun tam takah
lo va nei kher loa fak hmu theina a nih.
A hnuoia hin chuonghai chu hei suklang ei tih:
1.
Direct Agriculture : Agriculture
tienga thiemna neihaiin mani ngeia lutchil thei a nih. Company chen khawm
indinna, a enkawlna sin thaw thei a nih. Chun, farm tam tak a um a. Hienghai
khawm hin a enkawltu mithiem (manager) an ruoi hlak. Ram changkangahai chu mani
ngeiin hma an lak hlak a. Lo hmun lien tak tak neiin, sin thawtu an nei a. Anni
chun a enkawl le a relbawl, ienganga hma lak dim tihai kha an buoipui lem a.
Sawrkar sina van b<r n>kin hienghai hi ram le khawltlang ta dingin an
thaw hlawk lem a. Ins<ng ta ding khawma an sum laklut a tam lem. Amiruokchu,
hlawtling ding chun tumru le hmathlir chieng tak nei a ngai.
2.
Research (Suibingna) : Agriculture hi ni tin le darkar tina suibing
thama pawimaw a nih. Iengtin am a hlawk ding? Iengtin am a hrik sukbo thei ning
a ta? A chi \ha iengtin am siem thei ning a ta? Tihai hi a thar a thara
research thaw trulna a nih. Chu el bakah, khawvel boruok an ang naw deu vawng
a. Bihar laia an tuilo bu le tlangrama ei tuilo bu ching hi an ang thei nawh.
Hi lei hin a hmun le a hun (season) zir peia thlai ch$ng dan ding suisuok a ngai
a. Chuleiin research tieng hi thil pawimaw le maksan theilo thil a nih.
Indian
Council for Agricultural Research (ICAR)
hin thlai inchukbingna hmun 100 lai a nei ta a. Naki chu thlai po po hin inchukbingna
hmun an la nei ring a um. Thlai tam tak chu hmun khatah research thawna bik an
nei a. Thlai, anni binga research thawna nei naw po hi agricultural research
institute haiah an kawp. India ram hung changkang pei a ta, Hmunphie Research
Institute, Berul Research Institute tihai ang dam a mak a maka tam la hung
pieng dinga beiseium a nih.
Thlai
inchukbingna langsar threnkhat :
¨Central Institute of Cotton Research, Nagpur
¨Indian Institute of Vegetable Research,
Ranchi
¨Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla
¨Central Institute of Sub Tropical
Horticulture, Lucknow
¨National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune
¨Indian Institute of Maize Research, New Delhi
¨Indian Institute of Agricultural
Biotechnology, Ranchi
¨Indian Institute of Water Management,
Bhubaneswar
¨Central Research Institute of Dryland
Agriculture, Hyderabad
India
ram el bakah khawvel ram changkang lema khawm research thaw theina dingin India
sawrkar chun kawt a hawng a. Thrangpuina scholarship khawm ram sung le
puotienga dingin thra thawkin sawrkar chun an duong sa diem a nih.
3.
Banking Sector :
India sawrkar chun public sector bank-hai po po hi agriculture tieng ngaipawimaw
dingin kalphung a siem pek a. India mipui 60% neka tam dai innghatna hi
bank-hai khawmin an ensan thei nawh. Chu ang bawkin sawrkar thlungpuiin
loneituhai hmasawnna ding schemes an duong pha khawm bank-hai hi a semdartu le
hmalatu an ni hlak. Chu ang tak chun
bank khawmin agriculture tieng buoipuitu dingin agricultural clerk le officer a
lak hlak. Hieng sina ding hin B.Sc Ag, B.V.Sc, le agriculture tienga thiemna
dang dang neihaiin an hluobit hlak. Chun National Bank for Agriculture and Rural
Development (NABARD) hin officer lien a mak a maka tam a lak hlak. Private
bank-hai khawm agriculture tieng hi an nghatsan bik nawh ti kha hrie sa bawk
inla.
4.
Scientist Job : Scientist hi short cut method-a tlung thut
chi lem chu an nawh. Amiruokchu, agriculture tienga thiemna nei, tawnhriet nei
le sin lo thaw ta sahai chu scientist (Junior Scientist) tieng hin lut thei a
nih. India sawrkar hnuoiah Agricultural Scientist Recruitment Board a um a. Kum
tin scientist tam tak an lak hlak. Chun company tieng khawm agricultural
scientist sin a tam. Company thilsiem, khawl, thlaichi, a sawngbawl dan, loan
sem, le thil dang dang company le mipui kara sin thaw dingin scientist hi an
ruoi ve bawk.
5.
All India Service : Line
hrang hrangin Civil Service-a dingin hmun an nei angin agriculture tieng khawm
hmun lien tak a um. India sawrkar hnuoia dingin a tlangpuiin graduate a ngai.
Chun, agriculture tienga graduate hai hi Indian Forest Service (IFS) exam an
pek thei bawk. IFS hi subject dang hai inchu ve theilo a nih.
6.
Teaching Job : Subject
tina sin tl^nglawn (common) tak chu teaching (inchuktirtu) tieng a nih.
College, University, le coaching centre tam tak a um. Hienghai hin inchuktirtu
an mamaw seng. Inchuktirtu ni dingin Postgraduate (M.Sc (Ag) zo a ngai a. Chun
UGC norms nei ngai bawk a tih. Research le doctoral tienga degree neihai chun
ditsak an hlaw nawkzuol.
Hi chena
hin a tlangpui chu hang dittawk phawt inla. Agriculture tieng hriet sap nuom
neihai chun :
Indian
Council of Agricultural Research website :
le
Agricultural
Scientists Recruitment Board website : www.asrb.org.in
hai hi lut hlak inla. Ngaituona thar tam tak
nei thei ei tih.
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